King of England Edward Plantagenet, I b. 17 Jun 1239 Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, England d. 7 Jul 1307 Burgh-On-Sands, Cumberland, England: Minnig Family History

1239 - 1307 (68 years)

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Name	Edward Plantagenet [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14]
Title	King of England
Suffix	I
Nickname	Edward Longshanks, Hammer of the Scots
Born	17 Jun 1239	Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, England [2, 4, 14, 15, 16]
Gender	Male
Died	7 Jul 1307	Burgh-On-Sands, Cumberland, England [2, 4, 14, 15, 16]
Buried	28 Aug 1307	Westminster Abbey, Westminster, Middlesex, England [4, 14]
Person ID	I445650939	My Genealogy
Last Modified	8 Dec 2016

Father	King of England Henry Plantagenet, III, b. 11 Oct 1207, Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England , d. 16 Nov 1272, St. Edmunds, Westminster, England (Age 65 years)
Mother	Countess of Provence Eleanor Berenger, b. 1223, Aix-en-Provence, Bouches-du-Rhone, France , d. 24 Jun 1291, Amesbury Abby, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England (Age 68 years)
Married	4 Jan 1236	Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England, UK
Family ID	F226154	Group Sheet \| Family Chart

Family 1 Princess of Castile Eleanor, b. 1244, Castile, Spain , d. 28 Nov 1290, Herdeby, Grantham, Notinghamshire, England (Age 46 years)

Married 18 Oct 1254 Abbey of Las Heulgas, Burgos, Spain

Children

	1. John Plantagenet, b. 13 Jul 1266, Windsor, Berkshire, England , d. 3 Aug 1271, Westminster Palace, Westminster, London, England (Age 5 years)
	2. Henry Plantagenet, b. 6 May 1268, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England , d. 14 Oct 1274, Merton, Surrey, England (Age 6 years)
	3. Eleanor Plantagenet, b. 18 Jun 1269, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England , d. 19 Aug 1298, Gent, Belgium (Age 29 years)
	4. Juliana Catherine Plantagenet, b. Aft May 1271, Acre, Israel , d. 5 Sep 1271, Acre, Israel (Age 0 years)
	5. Joan Plantagenet, b. Abt Apr 1272, Acre, Holy Land, Jerusalem, Palestine, Middle East, Israel , d. 23 Apr 1307, Clare, Suffolk, England, UK (Age 35 years)
	6. 1st Earl of Chester Alphonso Plantagenet, b. 24 Nov 1273, Bordeaux, Dauphine, France , d. 19 Aug 1284, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England (Age 10 years)
	7. Margaret Plantagenet, b. 15 Mar 1275, England , d. Aft 11 Mar 1333, Brussels, Belgium (Age > 58 years)
	8. Berengaria Plantagenet, b. 1 May 1276, Kennington Palace, Surrey, England , d. 7 Jun 1277 (Age 1 years)
	9. Mary Plantagenet, b. 11 Mar 1278, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England , d. 29 May 1332, Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England (Age 54 years)
	10. Princess of England Elizabeth Plantagenet, b. 7 Aug 1282, Castle Rhuddlan, Rhuddlan, Flintshire, Wales , d. 5 May 1316, Quendon, Essex, , England (Age 33 years)
	11. Joan of Acre, b. Apr 1272, Acre, Galilee, Palestine, Israel , d. 23 Apr 1307, Clare, Suffolk, England (Age 35 years)
	12. King of England Edward Plantagenet, II, b. 25 Apr 1284, Caernarfon Castle, Caernarvonshire, Wales , d. 21 Sep 1327, Berkeley Castle, Berkeley, Gloucestershire, England (Age 43 years)
	13. Alice of England, b. Abt 1267, Woodstock Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England , d. 1279 (Age 12 years) [natural]
	14. Beatrice of England, b. Abt 1286, Aquitaine, France [natural]
	15. Blanche Plantagenet, b. Abt 1290, d. 1290 (Age 0 years) [natural]

Last Modified 12 Dec 2016

Family ID F226155 Group Sheet | Family Chart

Family 2 Princess of France Marguerite Capet de Valois, b. 1279, Paris, Seine, France , d. 14 Feb 1317, Marlborough Castle, Wiltshire, England (Age 38 years)

Married 8 Sep 1299 Canterbury Cathedral, Canterbury, Kent, England, UK

Children

	1. Thomas of Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, b. 1 Jun 1300, Brotherton, Yorkshire, North Riding, England , d. Abt Aug 1338 (Age 38 years) [natural]
	2. Edmund Plantagenet, b. 5 Aug 1301, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England, UK , d. 19 Mar 1330, Winchester, Hampshire, England, USA (Age 28 years)
	3. Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, b. 5 Aug 1301, Woodstock Palace, Woodstock, Oxfordshire, England , d. 19 Mar 1330, Winchester Castle, Winchester, Hampshire, England (Age 28 years) [natural]
	4. Eleanor, b. 4 May 1306, Winchester, Hampshire, England , d. 1311, Amesbury Abbey, Amesbury, Wiltshire, England (Age 4 years) [natural]

Last Modified 21 Jul 2019

Family ID F226158 Group Sheet | Family Chart

Notes

Reigned 1272-1307. In the Barons war 1264-67 he defeated the Barons at Evesham (1265) as King
he is noted for encouraging Parliamentary institutions at the expense of feudalism and for subduing Wales on which he imposed the English system of administration. He later tried to assert his authority over Scotland and died while on his way to fight Robert the Bruce, not in bed, as is depicted in the movie "Braveheart."

From Britania: Monarchs of Britain (http://www.britannia.com/history/monarchs/mon30.html):

"Edward I, nicknamed "Longshanks" due to his great height and stature, was perhaps the most successful of the medieval monarchs. The first twenty years of his reign marked a high point of cooperation between crown and community. In these yearss, Edward made great strides in reforming government, consolidating territory, and defining foreign policy. He possessed the strength his father lacked and reasserted royal prerogative. Edward fathered many children as well: sixteen by Eleanor of Castille before her death in 1290, and three more by Margaret.

Edward held to the concept of community, and although at times unscrupulously aggressive, ruled with the general welfare of his subjects in mind. He perceived the crown as judge of the proper course of action for the realm and its chief legislattor; royal authority was granted by law and should be fully utilized for the public good, but that same law also granted protection to the king's subjects. A king should rule with the advice and consent of those whose rights were in question. The level of interaction between king and subject allowed Edward considerable leeway in achieving his goals.

Edward I added to the bureaucracy initiated by Henry II to increase his effectiveness as sovereign. He expanded the administration into four principal parts: the Chancery, the Exchequer, the Household, and the Council. The Chancery researched and created legal documents while the Exchequer received and issued money, scrutinized the accounts of local officials, and kept financial records. These two departments operated within the king's authority but independently from his personal rule, prompting Edward to follow the practice of earlier kings in developing the Household, a mobile court of clerks and advisers that traveled with the king. The King's Council was the most vital segment of the four. It consisted of his principal ministers, trusted judges and clerks, a select group of magnates, and also followed the king. The Council dealt with matters of great importance to the realm and acted as a court for cases of national importance.

Edward's forays into the refinement of law and justice had important consequences in decreasing feudal practice. The Statute of Gloucester (1278) curbed expansion of large private holdings and established the principle that all private franchises were delegated by, and subordinate to, the crown. Royal jurisdiction became supreme: the Exchequer developed a court to hear financial disputes, the Court of Common Pleas arose to hear property disputes, and the Court of the King's Bench addressed criminal cases in which the king had a vested interest. Other statutes prohibited vassals from giving their lands to the church, encouraged primogeniture, and established the king as the sole person who could make a man his feudal vassal. In essence, Edward set the stage for land to become an article of commerce.

Edward concentrated on an aggressive foreign policy. A major campaign to control Llywelyn ap Gruffydd of Wales began in 1277 and lasted until Llywelyn's death in 1282. Wales was divided into shires, English civil law was introduced, and the region was administered by appointed justices. In the manner of earlier monarchs, Edward constructed many new castles to ensure his conquest. In 1301, the king's eldest son was named Prince of Wales, a title still granted to all first-born male heirirs to the crown. Edward found limited success in extending English influence into Ireland: he introduced a Parliament in Dublin and increased commerce in a few coastal towns, but most of the country was controlled by independent barons or Celtic tribal chieftains. He retained English holdings in France through diplomacy, but was drawn into war by the incursions of Philip IV in Gascony. He negotiated a peace with France in 1303 and retained those areas England held before the war.

Edward's involvement in Scotland had far reaching effects. The country had developed a feudal kingdom similar to England in the Lowlands the Celtic tribal culture dispersed to the Highlands. After the death of the Scottish king, Alexander III, Edward negotiated a treaty whereby Margaret, Maid of Norway and legitimate heir to the Scottish crown, would be brought to England to marry his oldest son, the future Edward II. Margaret, however, died in 1290 en route to England, leaving a dispuuted succession in Scotland; Edward claimed the right to intercede as feudal lord of the Scottish kings through their Anglo-Norman roots. Edward arbitrated between thirteen different claimants and chose John Baliol. Baliol did homage to Edward as his lord, but the Scots resisted Edward's demands for military service. In 1296, Edward invaded Scotland and soundly defeated the Scots under Baliol ? Baliol was forced to abdicate and the Scottish barons did homage to Edward as their king. William Wallace incited a rebellion in 1297, defeated the English army at Stirling, and harassed England's northern counties. The next year, Edward defeated Wallace at the Battle of Falkirk but encountered continued resistance until Wallace's capture and execution in 1304. Robert Bruce, the grandson of a claimant to the throne in 1290, instigated another revolt in 1306 and would ultimately defeat the army of Edward II at Bannockburn. Edward's campaigns in Scotland were ruthless and aroused in the Scots a hatred of England that would endure for generations.

Edward's efforts to finance his wars in France and Scotland strained his relationship with the nobility by instituting both income and personal property taxes. Meetings of the King's Great Council, now referred to as Parliaments, intermittentltly included members of the middle class and began curtailing the royal authority. Parliament reaffirmed Magna Carta and the Charter of the Forest in 1297, 1299, 1300, and 1301; it was concluded that no tax should be levied without consent of the realm as a whole (as represented by Parliament).

Edward's character found accurate evaluation by Sir Richard Baker, in A Chronicle of the Kings of England: He had in him the two wisdoms, not often found in any, single; both together, seldom or never: an ability of judgement in himself, and a readiness to hear the judgement of others. He was not easily provoked into passion, but once in passion, not easily appeased, as was seen by his dealing with the Scots; towards whom he showed at first patience, and at last severity. If he be censured for his many taxations, he may be justified by his well bestowing them; for never prince laid out his money to more honour of himself, or good of his kingdom."
Edward I, Longshanks, King of England
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=6cd4ae5c-0e38-4f70-a8c6-960ec2cdd0ea&tid=1569234&pid=-914620736
Burgh-by-Sands Monument to King Edward I
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=88e20586-e614-44b1-abe9-d01b7712ee93&tid=1569234&pid=-914620736
Westminster Abby
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=image&guid=e94046b4-09c3-4145-9ead-06d71d16e317&tid=1569234&pid=-914620736
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_I_of_England
TITLES: King of England. Crowned 19 Aug 1274. (Griffith, Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families, p. I)

PROPERTY: Lord of Monmouth, by grant from John de Monmouth, last lord of Monmouth. He in turn granted the lordship of Monmouth to his brother Edmund. (Bradney, History of Monmouthshire, vol. 1 p. 5)

REMARKS: Conquered Wales in 1282. (Bradney, History of Monmouthshire, vol. 1 p. 5)
TITLES: King of England. Crowned 19 Aug 1274. (Griffith, Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families, p. I)

PROPERTY: Lord of Monmouth, by grant from John de Monmouth, last lord of Monmouth. He in turn granted the lordship of Monmouth to his brother Edmund. (Bradney, History of Monmouthshire, vol. 1 p. 5)

REMARKS: Conquered Wales in 1282. (Bradney, History of Monmouthshire, vol. 1 p. 5)

Sources

[S-1390011198] Public Member Trees, Ancestry.com, (Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2006.Original data - Family trees submitted by Ancestry members.Original data: Family trees submitted by Ancestry members.), Ancestry Family Trees.
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=1569234&pid=-914620736
[S-1781630006] Millennium File, Heritage Consulting, (Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2003.Original data - Heritage Consulting. The Millennium File. Salt Lake City, UT, USA: Heritage Consulting.Original data: Heritage Consulting. The Millennium File. Salt Lake City, UT, USA).
Birth date: 17 Jun 1239Birth place: Westminster, London, EnglandDeath date: 7 Jul 1307Death place: Burgh-On-Sands, Cumberland, Eng, England
[S100000673] #1079 A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time (1904-1993), Bradney, Sir Joseph Alfred, (Publications of the South Wales Record Society, number 8. Five volumes in 13. London: Mitchell, Hughes and Clarke, 1904-1993), FHL book 942.43 H2b., vol. 1 p. 5*; vol. 3 p. 8.
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[S100002411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 5 p. E69; book 6 p. F2*, 9*, 60*, 88.
[S100002420] #11886 The Golden Grove books of pedigrees (filmed 1970), (Manuscript, National Library of Wales manuscript number Castell Gorfod 7. Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,349-104,351., book 5 p. C624.
[S100002434] #2105 Heraldic Visitations of Wales and Part of the Marches Between the Years 1586 and 1613 by Lewys Dwnn (1846), Dwnn, Lewys; transcribed and edited with notes by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, (2 volumes. Llandovery: William Rees, 1846), FHL book 942.9 D23d; FHL microfilm 176,668., vol. 1 p. 89.
[S2318] #1210 The Family of Griffith of Garn and Plasnewydd in the County of Denbigh, as Registered in the College of Arms from the Beginning of the XIth Century (1934), Glenn, Thomas Allen, (London: Harrison, 1934), FHL book 929.2429 G875g; FHL microfilm 994,040 ite., p. 209*.
[S2411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 5 p. E69; book 6 p. F2*, 9*, 60*, 88.
[S2420] #11886 The Golden Grove books of pedigrees (filmed 1970), (Manuscript, National Library of Wales manuscript number Castell Gorfod 7. Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,349-104,351., book 5 p. C624.
[S2434] #2105 Heraldic Visitations of Wales and Part of the Marches Between the Years 1586 and 1613 by Lewys Dwnn (1846), Dwnn, Lewys; transcribed and edited with notes by Sir Samuel Rush Meyrick, (2 volumes. Llandovery: William Rees, 1846), FHL book 942.9 D23d; FHL microfilm 176,668., vol. 1 p. 89.
[S673] #1079 A History of Monmouthshire from the Coming of the Normans into Wales down to the Present Time (1904-1993), Bradney, Sir Joseph Alfred, (Publications of the South Wales Record Society, number 8. Five volumes in 13. London: Mitchell, Hughes and Clarke, 1904-1993), FHL book 942.43 H2b., vol. 1 p. 5*; vol. 3 p. 8.
[S712] #1039 Pedigrees of Anglesey and Carnarvonshire Families: with Their Collateral Branches in Denbighshire, Merionethshire (1914), Griffith, John Edwards, (Horncastle, England: W.K. Morton, 1914), FHL book Folio 942.9 D2gr; FHL microfilm 468,334., p. I.
[S100002411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 6 p. F2.
[S2411] #11915 British Genealogy (filmed 1950), Evans, Alcwyn Caryni, (Books A to H. National Library of Wales MSS 12359-12360D. Manuscript filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1950), FHL microfilms 104,355 and 104,390 item 2., book 6 p. F2.